Forms and elements

Landscape architecture is the profession which applies artistic and scientific principles to the research, planning, design and management of both natural and built environments. (ASLA)

Before turning to modern features of landscape design it is important to know the historical background. The basics are the natural features that we see on a daily basis in our surroundings. Forms and elements that are playing a major part in landscape designing are based on four main elements and different materials, such as: wood, iron, concrete, slate, stone, etc. Water, air, fire and earth are main elements that played a great part in holocene. These contradictory elements were admired and feared by many. They were honored as supernatural essence from the beginning of known human history.

These elements were connected with invisible forces and so people aligned them with either good or evil occurrences the nature threw into humanity. Thus, antient monuments built by people around the globe connected, protected and worshiped those forces were, created and had a different meaning just as represented in different cultures around the globe (for example Stonehenge, pyramids of Giza, forum romanum, Acropolis, Parthenon...